essential lower bound

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• Essential supremum and essential infimum — In mathematics, the concepts of essential supremum and essential infimum are related to the notions of supremum and infimum, but the former are more relevant in measure theory, where one often deals with statements which are not valid everywhere …   Wikipedia

• Gromov's systolic inequality for essential manifolds — In Riemannian geometry, M. Gromov s systolic inequality for essential n manifolds M dates from 1983. It is a lower bound for the volume of an arbitrary metric on M, in terms of its homotopy 1 systole. The homotopy 1 systole is the least length of …   Wikipedia

• Least upper bound axiom — The least upper bound axiom, also abbreviated as the LUB axiom, is an axiom of real analysis stating that if a nonempty subset of the real numbers has an upper bound, then it has a least upper bound. It is an axiom in the sense that it cannot be… …   Wikipedia

• Systolic geometry — In mathematics, systolic geometry is the study of systolic invariants of manifolds and polyhedra, as initially conceived by Charles Loewner, and developed by Mikhail Gromov and others, in its arithmetic, ergodic, and topological manifestations.… …   Wikipedia

• Limit superior and limit inferior — In mathematics, the limit inferior (also called infimum limit, liminf, inferior limit, lower limit, or inner limit) and limit superior (also called supremum limit, limsup, superior limit, upper limit, or outer limit) of a sequence can be thought… …   Wikipedia

• Mathematics and Physical Sciences — ▪ 2003 Introduction Mathematics       Mathematics in 2002 was marked by two discoveries in number theory. The first may have practical implications; the second satisfied a 150 year old curiosity.       Computer scientist Manindra Agrawal of the… …   Universalium

• analysis — /euh nal euh sis/, n., pl. analyses / seez /. 1. the separating of any material or abstract entity into its constituent elements (opposed to synthesis). 2. this process as a method of studying the nature of something or of determining its… …   Universalium

• Supremum — In mathematics, given a subset S of a partially ordered set T , the supremum (sup) of S , if it exists, is the least element of T that is greater than or equal to each element of S . Consequently, the supremum is also referred to as the least… …   Wikipedia

• Electron — For other uses, see Electron (disambiguation). Electron Experiments with a Crookes tube first demonstrated the particle nature of electrons. In this illustration, the profile of the cross shaped target is projected against the tube face at right… …   Wikipedia

• Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem — Fig.1: Hypothetical spectrum of a bandlimited signal as a function of frequency The Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem, after Harry Nyquist and Claude Shannon, is a fundamental result in the field of information theory, in particular… …   Wikipedia

• Lattice (order) — See also: Lattice (group) The name lattice is suggested by the form of the Hasse diagram depicting it. Shown here is the lattice of partitions of a four element set {1,2,3,4}, ordered by the relation is a refinement of . In mathematics, a… …   Wikipedia